An engineer asked me for help when he encountered what appeared to be strange phenomenon while testing a prototype circuit in the system. He saw “mysterious” clipping distortion of the signal at the ...

Switching ac power on and off has been a challenge since Edison and others started switching power more than 125 years ago. Now, a solid-state relay (SSR) uses a patented zero-voltage crossing ...

The simplest model of a battery comprises an ideal voltage source that connects in series with a resistance whose value—often a few milliohms—depends on the battery’s electrochemical condition and ...

Last month, we clarified the definition of a vector and showed you how vectors are added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided. This month, we'll see how to use vectors in defining a complex circuit ...